Application Area

Agriculture/farming

There is a wide range of different applications for calcium cyanamide in agriculture. In addition to its fertilizing effect calcium cyanamide, when used competently, can increase soil fertility and plants health. The proper use of calcium cyanamide is described below based on the examples of different crop cultures, along with a discussion of the application period and suggestions for the application rate for each crop example.

Calcium cyanamide ensures productive and healthy crops

the slow- and sustained-release nitrogen prevents unproductive mass growth, which means stable stocks, a lot of grain and little straw.
Calcium cyanamide increases the biological activity of the soil and thus promotes the natural antagonist

Recommended use

Winter cereals

When to apply	Application rate**	Important notes
Before sowing	100 - 200 kg/ha	No waiting period
or
After sowing EC 09-16*	150 - 300 kg/ha	Do not use if there is a risk of frost
or
Top-dressing in spring when vegetation starts EC 21-29	200 - 300 kg/ha	On well-developed stocks

*with wheat and barley best used in the 3-4 leaf stage, with rye in the 4-6 leaf stage
** please follow the fertilizer recommendations of the regional authorities and the provisions of the fertilizer regulations

Summer cereals

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
Before sowing	200 - 300 kg/ha	Work in throughly, no waiting period
or
After sowing EC 07-21*	300 kg/ha

Malting barley

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
Before sowing	200 - 300 kg/ha	Work in throughly, no waiting period
or
Soon after emerging	200 - 300 kg/ha

Calcium cyanamide makes for great tubers

With potatoes especially, calcium cyanamide provides a number of advantages over conventional N fertilizers:

Secure nitrogen efficiency on light soils as well
The highly reactive lime content ensures good aeration of the topsoil

Recommended use

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
Before laying (spring potatoes)	300 - 500 kg/ha	If plastic sheeting is to be laid on top then do so immediately after spreading
or
Between laying and shortly before emerging (medium early to late varieties)	300 - 500 kg/ha	Spread on moist soil either before or shortly after harrowing

Calcium cyanamide gets your corn off to a flying start

Secure supply of nitrogen over a long period of time
The availability of the soil phosphate is improved
The high lime content counteracts soil cracking

Recommended use

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
As under-root (injected) fertilizer	150 kg/ha Perlka or mix 1:1 with DAP	Lay PERLKA® 5 cm below and next to the seed row to avoid risk of reduced crop emergence
or
Before sowing	300 - 400 kg/ha	Work into the surface; waiting period 4-10 days
or
Between sowing and emerging	300 - 400 kg/ha	On moist soil as soon as possible before shoots appear or as shoots start to appear

Calcium cyanamide – a sure start for your rapeseed

The harmonious and even supply of N prevents overgrowth of the rape plants in the autumn/fall, and ensures a stable stock after a spring application
The high content of active lime improves the crumb structure, ensuring the emergence of the seedling

Recommended use

Winter rapeseed

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
Before sowing	200 – 250* kg/ha	Work to a shallow depth into the soil No waiting period required!
or
Top dressing until end of October	200 – 250* kg/ha	Plants at least in the 4-leaf stage, spread only on dry crops and do not spread if there is a risk of frost
or
Top dressing in spring	200 – 400* kg/ha	On strongly developed, well-rooted stocks. Only spread on dry plants and do not spread if there is a risk of frost

* please follow the fertilizer recommendations of the regional authorities and the current provisions of the fertilizer regulations

Summer rapeseed

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
Before sowing	200 - 400 kg/ha	Observe the waiting period!
or
Top dressing	200 - 300 kg/ha	Starting from the 6-leaf stage; spread on dry plants and moist soil

Calcium cyanamide brings out the best in your beet

Even, sustained nitrogen effect
The high content of active lime improves the soil structure, counteracting incrustation and silting
Sugar content and sugar yield are improved

Recommended use

Sugar beet / fodder beet

When to apply	Application rate	Special
2 - 3 weeks before sowing	300 - 500 kg/ha	Work to a shallow depth into the soil
or
6 - 10 days before sowing	300 - 400 kg/ha	Work in when preparing the seed bed

Rutabaga and swedes

When to apply	Appliacation rate	Special
Before sowing or planting	300 – 500* kg/ha	Plow in, or even better cut in

Turnips

When to apply	Appliacation rate	Special
On the stubble of the previous crop	300 – 500* kg/ha	Work in with rotating device; after plowing can be drilled immediately
or
On the rough furrow after plowing	300 - 500* kg/ha	Work in to a shallow depth; observe waiting period

* please follow the fertilizer recommendations of the regional authorities and the provisions of the fertilizer regulations

Calcium cyanamide for radiant sunflowers

Stocky growth, better stability and higher protein content as a result of a long-lasting N effect that the plants can access as required
The high proportion of active lime improves the soil structure
Calcium cyanamide increases the biological activity of the soil

Recommended use

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
Top-dressing at a plant height of 30 - 40 cm	300 kg/ha	Apply to dry plants

Additional Information:

Sunflowers grown on light soils with low N supply should receive an additional 30 - 40 kg N/ha in an easily soluble form before sowing to ensure adequate development in their early stages

Grassland

Calcium cyanamide gets your horse pasture up to a steady trot!

Grazing is the most natural, the healthiest and the most affordable way to keep horses. However, horse pastures present problems that require careful pasture management.

And it is less about quantity than quality. Which is why successful horse breeders swear by calcium cyanamide:

Calcium cyanamide ensures an ideal composition of upper and lower grasses, clover and forage herbs, creating a dense, durable sod (sward) that makes for a tasty, mineral-rich, low-nitrate feed
Its lime content counteracts soil acidification

Recommended use

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
When vegetation begins in the spring, when the forsythia blossoms start to appear	300 - 400 kg/ha	The sod should be dry, but the soil moist
or
Repeat fertilization in July/August	300 kg/ha	The sod should be dry but the soil moist

Additional Information:

Once the fertilizing effect of the calcium cyanamide is starting to take hold – noticeable by the fact that the grass is starting to recover – the surfaces can be used for grazing again (about 2 to 3 weeks after fertilization)
Particularly opportune times to do this are in Spring from the beginning of March, and in late summer through to the beginning of September.

Calcium cyanamide – happy cows in healthy meadows

Calcium cyanamide ensures an ideal composition of grass made up of upper and lower grasses, clover and forage herbs
Feeding the plant stock with the nutrients it needs as and when it needs it results in a high quality feed with a high mineral content

Recommended use

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
When vegetation begins in the spring, when the forsythia blossoms start to appear	300 - 400 kg/ha	The sod should be dry, but the soil moist
or
Re-fertilizing can be done at any time	300 kg/ha	Observe the waiting period before putting animals out to graze; the sod should be dry but the soil moist

Additional Information:

Once the fertilizing effect of the calcium cyanamide is starting to take hold – noticeable by the fact that the grass is starting to recover – the surfaces can be used for grazing again (about 2 to -3 weeks after fertilization)

Calcium cyanamide makes more of your grassland

Forage is cheaper than concentrated feed, so farmers should do everything they can to produce forage that is of the best quality possible.

The special nitrogen effect combined with the lime effect promotes an ideal composition of the plant community
Nutritional value and palatability of the feed is improved
The high lime content counteracts soil acidification

Recommended use

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
In the spring, when the forsythia blossoms start to appear	300 - 400 kg/ha	The sod should be dry, but the soil moist
or
In the spring, when the dandelions start to bud	300 - 400 kg/ha	The soil should be moist

Additional Information:

Seeding grass without plowing: by using 300 - 500 kg/ha Perlka^® 2 - 3 weeks before new or re-sowing, the young grass can develop undisturbed. The spring from the beginning of March and the late summer until the beginning of September prove to be particularly favourable times for this measure

Calcium cyanamide – healthy animals on healthy pastures

Calcium cyanamide can also be used on other green areas that are grazed by sheep, goats, game, poultry or other animals to take advantage of the following effects:

Calcium cyanamide ensures an ideal composition of grass made up of upper and lower grasses, clover and forage herbs
Feeding the plant stock with the nutrients it needs as and when it needs it results in a high quality feed with a high mineral content

Recommended use

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
When vegetation begins in the spring, when the forsythia blossoms start to appear	300 - 400 kg/ha	The sod should be dry, but the soil moist
or
Re-fertilizing can be done at any time	300 kg/ha	The sod should be dry but the soil moist. Observe the waiting period before putting animals out to graze;

Additional Information:

Once the fertilizing effect of the calcium cyanamide is starting to take hold – noticeable by the fact that the grass is starting to recover – the surfaces can be used for grazing again (about 2 to -3 weeks after fertilization)

Vegetable cultivation

Calcium cyanamide fattens up the brassicas

The even and sustained supply of nitrogen ensures harmonious growth and promotes the formation of solid, high-quality heads. This also provides better storage stability
The high lime content counteracts the acidification and incrustation of the soil
The rotting of harvest residues is accelerated
Less problems with clubroot infestantion
- Suppressing of resting spore germination and reduction of zoospore mobility in the soil (calcium!)
- Hampering the root hair penetraton due to stronger cell walls (calcium!)
- Compensation of clubroot damage by stronger root growth due to increased uptake of ammonium nitrogen
Strengthens the competitiveness of cultivated plants against weeds

Fertilizing clubroot infested areas

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
2 weeks before sowing /planting and repeat if necessary	400 - 500 kg/ha	Work into the soil with discs or a power harrow
or
2 to 3 weeks after sowing / planting	400 - 500 kg/ha*	Only on well-established brassica plants or sown brassica 10 to 15 cm high, foliage must be dry (no dew!)

* with cauliflower not more than 300 kg/ha, with Chinese cabbage no top dressing

Fertilizing areas not infected with clubroot

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
2 - 3 weeks after planting*	400 - 500 kg/ha	Spread on dry plants but the soil should be moist

Additional Information:

Weeds are particularly sensitive starting from the germination stage through to the 4-leaf stage

Calcium cyanamide get leeks moving along

The sustained N effect meets the later N needs of the leek and improves stem thickness and stem length
Nitrogen losses are minimized due to the particular way the calcium cyanamide works
The high active lime content improves soil structure
Calcium cyanamide increases the biological activity of the soil

Recommended use

Seeded leeks

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
Fertilizing before seeding	300 - 350 kg/ha	Observe waiting period of 8-14 days

Planted leek

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
Before planting	300 - 350 kg/ha	Observe waiting period of 8 to 14 days; possibly work into the soil to a shallow depth
or
Top dressing	300 - 400 kg/ha	Approximately 14 days after planting; If planting with stamping machine only after earthing up; PERLKA® grains should not be allowed to fall into the planting holes yet

Additional Information:

When using row fertilization equipment PERLKA® can also be applied at a later point of time

Calcium cyanamide – making sure your lettuce doesn't lose its head

By supplying the plant slowly with nitrogen as and when it needs it risk of tip burn is reduced and nitrate is prevented from accumulating in the harvested crop
High yield due to uniform plant stock
Accelerated rotting of crop residues and improved soil structure
Calcium cyanamide increases the biological activity of the soil

Recommended use

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
Before planting	300 - 400 kg/ha	Observe the waiting period: in spring: 2 - 2,5 weeks in summer: 1 - 1,5 weeks

Additional Information:

No replanting problems occur when using calcium cyanamide

Calcium cyanamide – puts your asparagus in tip-top form!

Optimum storage of reserve substances due to the evenly sustained nitrogen supply

Improvement of the soil structure because calcium cyanamide provides the soil with valuable lime

Recommended use

In the first year after planting

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
1. Dose: between planting and emerging	200 kg/ha	Use a harrow to flatten off the steep slopes of the beds into gentle waves
or
2. Dose: with plants that are hand high, before they branch out	200 kg/ha	Spread on dry plants but the soil should be moist

In the second year after planting

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
After plowing up	300 - 500 kg/ha

In the third year after planting and beyond

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
After plowing up	300 - 500 kg/ha

Cultivation under plastic sheeting

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
Before covering with plastic sheeting	150 - 200 kg/ha	Apply the fertilizer directly onto the bed slopes using a row fertilizer applicator
or
Before raising the beds	200 - 250 kg/ha	Spread widely and work into the sloping section when raising the beds

Additional Information:

PERLKA® is best spread on moist soil and on dry plants
Always spread the fertilizer before the asparagus leaflets have formed

Calcium cyanamide sharpens your onions

Long-lasting and secure nitrogen effect as and when the plant needs it
Fewer leaching losses on light soils because the nitrogen is in a stable form
Even, quicker germination through improved crumb structure (lime effect)
Calcium cyanamide increases the biological activity of the soil

Recommended use

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
Fertilizing before seeding	300 - 400 kg/ha	Work into a shallow depth; waiting period 8-14 days
or
Top dressing winter onions	300 - 400 kg/ha	When vegetation begins, on moist soils but dry plants
or
Summer onions	300 - 400 kg/ha	On moist soils when the plants are 10 cm tall and higher

Calcium cyanamide with other crops

Calcium cyanamide can be used on almost all crops.

The following table provides a general guideline only for fertilizer quantities and timing for a handful of other crops

If you have any questions about using calcium cyanamide please get in touch with us or one of our regional consultants – we will be very happy to help.

Crop	Application rate	When to use the fertilizer, also if you wish to benefit from the special healthy-soil effects
Peas	200 - 300 kg/ha	1 - 2 weeks before sowing or in the period from when the tips break through until the plant is approx. 10 cm tall
or
Broad beans	200 - 300 kg/ha	1 - 2 weeks before sowing or after sowing until shortly before the plants emerge;
or
Bush beans	300 - 400 kg/ha	Before plants emerge;
or
Carrots	300 - 400 kg/ha	2 - 3 weeks before sowing;
or
Spinach	300 - 400 kg/ha	2 - 3 weeks before sowing;
or
Radishes	300 - 500 kg/ha	2 - 3 weeks before sowing;
or
Cucumbers	300 - 500 kg/ha	2 - 3 weeks before laying or planting;
or
Celery	300 - 500 kg/ha	3 weeks before planting;
or
Tomatoes	300 - 500 kg/ha	3 weeks before planting;
or
Rhubarb	300 - 500 kg/ha	Before sprouting in spring;

Orcharding

Calcium cyanamide for top-quality orcharding

Calcium cyanamide ensures a sustained supply of nitrogen reaches the plant as and when needed, and by simultaneously supplying calcium improves fructification and shelf life of fruit
The even nitrogen supply of Calcium cyanamide ensures good woodiness resulting in better winter hardiness

Recommended use

Crop	Application rate	When to apply
Pome and stone fruits	250 - 350 kg/ha	In the dormancy period, until shortly before the start of sprouting

Strawberries

Additional Information:

Spreading calcium cyanamide in the autumn on the fallen leaves accelerates their rotting
Calcium cyanamide increases the biological activity of the soil

Calcium cyanamide for healthy, robust little fruits

The ideal combination of sustained-release nitrogen and a lot of active lime ensures a stable plant tissue and promotes the formation of healthy, hard fruits.

Recommended use

New plants

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
2 - 3 weeks before planting	300 - 400 kg/ha	Work into the soil to a depth of 5 - 10 cm; Observe the waiting period;
or
Frigo plants	300 - 400 kg/ha	See additional information below;

Existing plants

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
In spring, before sprouting	200 - 400 kg/ha	On dry, well-rooted stock;
or
After the harvest	200 - 400 kg/ha	On dry stock or after mowing / defoliation (topping off);

Additional Information:

PERLKA^® - usage with Frigo plants: With proper planting (1) calcium cyanamide can be used without any problems (2- 3 weeks after planting) as a top dressing. After planting the root cluster must be positioned vertically under the plant and the root crown must be covered with soil. If the root cluster is bent (4) or the root crown protrudes above the surface of the soil (2) or is too low (3), it can cause damage to the Frigo plants.

Strawberry cultivation with plastic sheeting:

For strawberry plantations with sheet covering PERLKA^® should be spread only between the rows so that no PERLKA^® grains get into the planting holes.

Especially for improving soil health:

Work in 500 kg/ha PERLKA^® thoroughly into the soil 2 - 3 weeks before planting.

Other applications

Calcium cyanamide helps raise them!

The form of nitrogen that is protected from leaching losses and the long-lasting N fertilizer effect together ensure a secure supply of nitrogen over a long period of time, even with early application
The high lime content prevents a decrease in the pH value of the soil
The biological activity of the soil is increased, and soil-borne pathogenic fungi are suppressed

Recommended use

New plants

When to apply	Application rate	Improtant notes
2 to 3 weeks before lining out the plants	300 - 500 kg/ha	Work into the soil; observe the waiting period

Existing plants

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
End of February until the beginning of March	300 - 400 kg/ha	Do not spread onto the leaves of sensitive tree species (risk of leaf burn)

Calcium cyanamide for spicy hops

The lime content promotes the condition and structure of the soil and the soil life
Increase in the soil’s biological activity

Recommended use

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
Before uncovering and cutting	300 - 400 kg/ha
or
Immediately after uncovering and cutting	300 - 400 kg/ha	Broadcast application; even better use of the healthy-soil effect; Plants and cut surfaces must be dry

Recommended use

	Quantity in g/m²	Application
New lawn sowing	40 - 50	Work in to a narrow depth 2 weeks before sowing
or
Lawns	20	Ensure spreading is done evenly!

Calcium cyanamide improves the quality of the tobacco leaf

Long-lasting N effect as and when the plant needs it, also if the fertilizer is applied early on
High quality as a result of low nitrate levels in the leaf and due to improved burn and ashes
Uniform in color when drying
Increases the biological activity of the soil

Recommended use

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
approx. 4 weeks before planting	300 - 500 kg/ha	Observe the waiting period

Calcium cyanamide for quality wine

It ensures that nitrogen and calcium are supplied to the plants as and when they need it:

- Prevents grapes from falling off

- Prevents stem/bunch necrosis

The fertilizer can be used at an early stage so that the nitrogen securely moves into the root zone, with no need to fear leaching losses during this process
Calcium cyanamide increases the biological activity of the soil
By encouraging good woodiness the vines are less sensitive to frost

Recommended use

When to apply	Application rate	Important notes
In early spring	200 - 400 kg/ha	At latest 10 - 14 days before budding

Calcium cyanamide so that ornamental plants can display their best

Calcium cyanamide ensures an even and sustained supply of nitrogen
There are no replanting problems as there are no residues
Its high lime content improves the soil structure.

Reccomended use

Crop	Application rate	When to apply
Flower bulbs (general)	300 - 500 kg/ha	Before budding until tips show, only on dry stock
or
gladioli bulbs	400 - 500 kg/ha	2 - 3 weeks after laying or planting
or
Tulip and daffodil cultures	400 kg/ha	Several days after planting
or
Tuberous begonia	350 - 400 kg/ha	Before the begonias rise
or
Deciduous dwarf woods, such as roses	400 - 500 kg/ha	In the growth dormancy period until shortly before budding, also on slightly frozen ground
or
Conifers and other evergreens	300 - 400 kg/ha, depending on the N requirement	Spread before budding and only with dry plants

Application Perlka®

Agriculture/farming

Calcium cyanamide ensures productive and healthy crops

Winter cereals

Summer cereals

Malting barley

Calcium cyanamide makes for great tubers

Recommended use

Calcium cyanamide gets your corn off to a flying start

Recommended use

Calcium cyanamide – a sure start for your rapeseed

Recommended use

Winter rapeseed

Summer rapeseed

Calcium cyanamide brings out the best in your beet

Recommended use

Sugar beet / fodder beet

Rutabaga and swedes

Turnips

Calcium cyanamide for radiant sunflowers

Recommended use

Additional Information:

Calcium cyanamide with other arable crops

Grassland

Calcium cyanamide gets your horse pasture up to a steady trot!

Recommended use

Additional Information:

Calcium cyanamide – happy cows in healthy meadows

Recommended use

Additional Information:

Calcium cyanamide makes more of your grassland

Recommended use

Additional Information:

Calcium cyanamide – healthy animals on healthy pastures

Recommended use

Additional Information:

Vegetable cultivation

Calcium cyanamide fattens up the brassicas

Fertilizing clubroot infested areas

Fertilizing areas not infected with clubroot

Additional Information:

Calcium cyanamide get leeks moving along

Recommended use

Seeded leeks

Planted leek

Additional Information:

Calcium cyanamide – making sure your lettuce doesn't lose its head

Recommended use

Additional Information:

Calcium cyanamide – puts your asparagus in tip-top form!

Recommended use

In the first year after planting

In the second year after planting

In the third year after planting and beyond

Cultivation under plastic sheeting

Additional Information:

Calcium cyanamide sharpens your onions

Recommended use

Calcium cyanamide with other crops

Orcharding

Calcium cyanamide for top-quality orcharding

Recommended use

Strawberries

Additional Information:

Calcium cyanamide for healthy, robust little fruits

Recommended use

New plants

Existing plants

Other applications

Calcium cyanamide helps raise them!

Recommended use

New plants

Existing plants

Calcium cyanamide for spicy hops

Recommended use

Calcium cyanamide makes top quality compost from garden waste

Application

Additional Information:

Recommended use

Calcium cyanamide improves the quality of the tobacco leaf

Application Perlka^®